Define Solution, Types of Solutions-Homogeneous & Heterogeneous Solution, Examples, FAQs, True Solutions, Mixtures
Define Solution A solution is defined as a homogenous mixture which mainly comprises two components namely solute and solvent. For …
Chemistry Class 12
Expression of Concentration of Solutions-Methods, Solids in Liquid Solution & Solubility of Gases in Liquids
Solution being diluted or concentrated; this is a qualitative way of expressing the concentration of the solution. A dilute solution …
What is Solubility? – Definition, Solubility Product & Factors Affecting Solubility
What is Solubility? The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a known quantity of solvent at a certain …
Vapour Pressure-Definition, Raoult’s Law For Pure Liquids, Formula & FAQs
What is Vapour Pressure? When a liquid is placed in a vessel that gets continually heated, the molecules of the …
Ideal Solution-Raoult’s Law, Properties, Types, Examples, FAQs
What is an Ideal Solution? Ideal solution is a mixture in which the molecules of different species are distinguishable, however, …
Colligative Properties-Definition, Raoult’s Law, Types, Examples,
Colligative property is a property of a solution that is dependent on the ratio between the total number of solute …
Van’t Hoff Factor-Abnormal Molar Mass, Effects of Association & Dissociation, FAQS
What is the Van’t Hoff Factor? The Van’t Hoff factor offers insight on the effect of solutes on the colligative …
Electrochemical Cell-Definition, Explanation, Types, Applications, FAQs
Electrochemical cell is a device capable of either generating electrical energy from chemical reactions or using electrical energy to cause …
Galvanic Cells (Voltaic Cell) – Definition, Working Principle & Examples of Voltaic Cell
What is Galvanic Cell? An electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of spontaneous redox reactions into electrical energy is …
Nernst Equation-Expression, Derivation, Formula, Solved Problems, Determining Equilibrium Constant with Nernst Equation, Applications, Limitations
What Is Nernst Equation? Nernst equation provides the relation between the cell potential of an electrochemical cell, the standard cell …
Electrolytic Conduction – Factors affecting Electrolytic Conductance
We know that metals are good conductors of electricity as they have a pool of free electrons that flow under …
Electrolytic Cell – Definition, Diagram, Working, Applications, FAQs
What is an Electrolytic Cell? An electrolytic cell can be defined as an electrochemical device that uses electrical energy to …
Battery Types, Primary & Secondary Cell, Uses & Applications
What is a Battery? Battery is a device consisting of one or more electrical cells that convert chemical energy into …
Fuel Cell-Definition, Working, Types, Applications
What is a Fuel Cell? Fuel cell can be defined as an electrochemical cell that generates electrical energy from fuel …
Corrosion-Definition, Corrosion Types, Rusting, Effects, Prevention
What is Corrosion ? Corrosion is one of the most common phenomena that we observe in our daily lives. You …
Electrolysis-Definition, Process, Applications, Electrolysis of Water
Electrolysis was first popularised in the 19th century by Michael Faraday. It is a process that helped in the study …
Faraday’s Laws of Electrolysis – First & Second Law of Electrolysis, FAQs
What is an Electrolytic Cell? Electrochemical cell which facilitates a chemical reaction through the induction of electrical energy is known …
Faraday's Laws of Electrolysis – First Law and Second law
Electrolysis is the use of electric current to stimulate a non-spontaneous chemical reaction. In electrolysis, an electric current is passed …
Kohlrausch Law and Applications of Limiting Molar Conductivity
Kohlrausch Law refers to an electrolyte’s limiting molar conductivity to its constituent ions. It indicates that an electrolyte’s limiting molar …
Kohlrausch Law Questions – Practice Questions of Kohlrausch Law with Answer & Explanations
Kohlrausch Law directs the electrolyte’s limiting molar conductivity with its constituent ions. It displays that at infinite dilution equivalent conductivity …
Rate of Reaction-Definition and Factors Affecting Reaction Rate, Formula, Average Rate of reaction, Instantaneous Rate of Reaction
Rate of reaction refers to the speed at which the products are formed from the reactants in a chemical reaction. …
Integrated Rate Law Equation for Zero Order and First Order Reaction
What Is Ddifferential Rate Equation ? An equation representing the dependence of the rate of reaction on the concentration of …
Arrhenius Equation-Effect of Temperature on Rate of Reaction, FAQ’s
What is Effect of Temperature on Rate of Reaction ? Temperature is one of the parameters that can affect the …
Collision Theory-Definition, Explanation, Activation energy, Arrhenius equation and FAQs of Collision Theory.
What is Collision Theory Of Chemical Reactions ? Collision theory of chemical reactions and their kinetics has made great developments …
Solutions MCQs with Answers For Class 12 CBSE Chemistry Worksheet
Class 12 chemistry MCQs with answers are provided here for chapter Solutions. These MCQs are based on the CBSE board …
Solutions MCQ’s With Explanation For Class 12 CBSE Chemistry Worksheet
A homogeneous mixture of two or more components is called a solution. The properties and composition of the mixture are …
Electrochemistry MCQs with Answers Class 12 CBSE Chemistry Worksheet
Class 12 chemistry MCQs with answers are provided here for chapter 3 Electrochemistry. These MCQs are based on the CBSE …
Electrochemistry MCQs with Explanation Class 12 CBSE Chemistry Worksheet
Electrochemistry is concerned with charges and with their movement and transfer from one medium to another. The ultimate unit of …
Chemical Kinetics MCQs with Explanation Class 12 CBSE Chemistry Worksheet
Class 12 chemistry MCQs with answers are provided here for chapter 4 Chemical Kinetics. These MCQs are based on the …
Chemical Kinetics MCQs with Answers Class 12 CBSE Chemistry Worksheet
Analytical chemistry uses reactions for the identification of chemical compounds. The chemical thermodynamics studies the chemical equilibrium as a source …
Chemical Kinetics: Assertion Reasoning Type Questions For CBSE Exam Worksheet
Chemical Kinetics: Assertion Reasoning Type Questions For CBSE Exam Worksheet Assertion Reasoning Type Questions Read the statements given as assertion …
Chemical Kinetics: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry
Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions (Chemical Kinetics) – Important Questions Q 1. From the rate expression for the following reactions, …
Chemical Kinetics: NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry
Chemical Kinetics: NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry I. Multiple Choice Questions (Type-I) 1. The role of a catalyst …
Electrochemistry-Assertion & Reason Question & Answers Class 12 Chemistry Worksheet
Electrochemistry-Assertion & Reason Type Question & Answers Class 12 Chemistry Worksheet Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion …
Electrochemistry-NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 12 Chemistry pdf Download
NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 12 Chemistry of Chapter Electrochemistry I. Multiple Choice Questions (Type-I) 1. Which cell will measure standard …
Electrochemistry-NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry pdf Dowmload free
Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions Chapter Electrochemistry – Important Questions Q 3.1: Arrange the following metals in the order in …
Solutions-NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions to Download Free PDF
NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter Solutions I. Multiple-choice Questions (Type-I) 1. Which of the following units is …
Solutions-NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Solutions to Download Free PDF
Chemistry Class 12 NCERT Solutions Chapter Solutions – Important Questions Q 2.1) If 22 g of benzene is dissolved in …
Solution: Types & Concentration Measurement, Mass Percentage, Volume Percentage, Mole Fraction, Molarity, Molality, Parts Per Million
Solutions are a part of our daily lives because they can be found in almost everything we use in our …
Solubility: Definition, Henry’s Law, Factors Affecting, Types, Examples & FAQs
Solubility is a fundamental concept in chemistry that describes the ability of a substance to dissolve in a particular solvent …
Vapour Pressure-Definition, Raoult’s Law, Formula, Factors Affecting Vapour Pressure & FAQs
Vapour pressure is the force exerted by a liquid’s (or solid’s) vapour above the surface of the liquid. At a …
Colligative Properties: Elevation of Boiling point, Depression Freezing point, Lowering of Vapour Pressure, Osmotic Pressure, Raoult’s Law, FAQs, Solved Problems
Colligative Properties of any solution is the property of the solution that depends on the ratio of the total number …
Osmotic Pressure, Osmosis Definition, Formula, Examples, Difference between Osmosis and Diffusion, FAQs
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more particles having particle sizes smaller than one nanometer. Sugar and …
Abnormal Molar Masses-Van’t Hoff Factor, Dissociation and Association of solute molecules
Abnormal molar masses occur when the molar masses are estimated and are higher or lower than the predicted value. The …
Redox Reactions-Oxidation & Reduction Reactions, Reducing & Oxidising Agent, Examples, Types, Balancing, FAQs
Redox Reactions are oxidation and reduction reactions that happen simultaneously in a chemical reaction and in this, the reactant undergoes …
Redox Reactions in terms of Electron Transfer, Oxidation & Reduction, Oxidation Number, Solved Examples
A variety of chemical and biological reactions like burning of different types of fuels (wood, kerosene, coal, LPG, petrol, diesel), …
Oxidation Number-Definition, How To Find, Examples, Difference between Oxidation & Reduction
Oxidation number is defined as the total number of electrons that an atom either gains or loses to form a chemical …
Redox Reactions, Electrode Potential Calculation, Factors Affecting Electrode Potential, FAQs, Solved examples
Electrode Potential and Standard Electrode Potential are key concepts in the field of electrochemistry which is the branch of chemistry …
Nernst Equation-EMF of a Cell, Equilibrium Constant, Relation between Gibbs Free Energy and EMF
The electrical potential disparity across the cell membrane of all living cells is called the membrane potential, the inner part …
Conductance of Electrolytic Solutions, Specific, Equivalent, and Molar conductivities, Solved Examples
Electrochemistry is a branch of chemistry, and it deals with the study of the production of electricity from the energy …
Variation of Conductivity and Molar conductivity with Concentration
Electrochemistry is the study of chemical reactions that occur in a solution at the interface of an electron conductor (the …
Equivalent and Molar Conductance, Kohlrausch’s Law, Factors Affecting Equivalent Conductivity, Solved Examples
Electrochemistry includes the concept of equivalent conductance, which is the conductance of a volume of solution containing one equivalent of …
Electrolysis:Faraday First & Second Law of Electrolysis, Definition, Process, Applications, FAQs
Electrolysis is the process of decomposing the ionic compound into its constituent elements by passing the electric current into the …
Primary & Secondary Cells, Dry Cell, Mercury Cell, Lead Storage Battery, Nickel Cadmium Storage Cell, Lithium Ion Battery, Uses, FAQs
Electrochemical cells used as a power source is referred to as a battery. An oxidation-reduction reaction forms the basis of …
Galvanic Cell: Definition, Construction, Working Principle, Half-Cell Reactions, Standard Electrode Potential, Salt Bridge, Difference between Galvanic Cell & Electrolytic Cell
Galvanic Cell also called Voltaic Cell is an electrochemical device that converts spontaneous chemical energy generated in a redox reaction …
Hydrogen Oxygen (H2-O2) Fuel Cells-Definition, Types, Advantages, Limitations, FAQs
Fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that uses an electrochemical process to create electrical energy from fuel. To keep the …
Rate of Reaction: Instantaneous & Average Rate of Reaction, Definition, Formula, Factors Affecting, Units, Graph, Difference between Rate of Reaction and Rate Constant
Rate of Reaction or Reaction Rate in chemistry is defined as the speed or the rate at which a chemical …
Factors Affecting Rate of a Chemical Reaction-Nature of the Reactant, Concentration of the Reactants, Temperature of the Reactants, Presence of a Catalyst, Pressure factor
Rate of reaction is the pace at which the products of a chemical reaction are created from the reactants. It …
Integrated Rate Laws: Definition, Equation, Reactions & Half Life, Solved Problems, FAQs
Integrated Rate Law is one of the fundamental concepts in the field of chemical kinetics, which is the branch of …
Collision Theory & Activation Energy: Definition, Types, Example, and FAQs
Collision Theory says that when particles collide (strike) each other, a chemical reaction occurs. However, this is necessary but may …
Activation Energy Formula, Derivation, Effect of Temperature on Rate Constant, Solved Problems
Define Activation Energy Activation energy of a chemical reaction is defined as the least amount of energy necessary to initiate …
Temperature Dependence of the Rate of a Reaction-Arrhenius Equation, Threshold energy, Activation energy
The meal cooks slowly if the gas is kept at a low temperature while cooking. When we raise the temperature …
Coordination Compounds-Coordination Entity, Central atom/ion, Ligands, Coordination number, Coordination sphere, Coordination polyhedron, Oxidation number, Homoleptic & heteroleptic complexes, FAQs
What is Coordination Compound ? Coordination compound is made up of a central metal atom or ion that is surrounded …
Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds-Types of Complexes, Names of Important Ligands
The ability of the transition metals to form the complexes is referred to as coordination compounds. This property is not only …
Metal Carbonyls-Structure, Properties, Organometallic compounds, Applications, FAQs
What are Metal Carbonyls ? Carbonyls are coordination complexes that are formed by transition metals and the carbonyl ligand i.e. …
Werner’s Theory of Coordination Compounds: Postulates, Definitions, Examples, FAQs
Werner’s Theory of Coordination Compounds was proposed by a Swiss Chemist Alfered Werener in 1898. Werner studied the physical, chemical, …
Valence Bond Theory in Coordination Compounds, Hybridization & Geometry of Complexes, Magnetic Properties of Complexes, Limitations, FAQs
Valence bond theory also explains the electronic structure of molecules created by the overlapping of atomic orbitals. It also stresses …
Crystal Field Theory-Postulates, Spectrochemical Series, Octahedral Complexes, Tetrahedral Complexes, Limitations, FAQs
A coordination compound consists of a metal atom or ion at the centre, surrounded by a number of oppositely charged …
Isomerism in Coordination Compounds: Structural (Ionization Isomerism, Solvate Isomerism, Coordination Isomerism, Linkage Isomerism) & Stereoisomerism(Geometrical Isomerism, Optical Isomerism)
What is Isomerism in Coordination Compounds ? Isomerism in Coordination Compounds as the name suggests explores the concept of Isomerism …
Applications of Coordination Compounds, Properties, Importance, FAQs
Chemical compounds made up of an array of anions or neutral molecules linked to a central atom by coordinate covalent …
Carbohydrates-Definition, Classification, Structures, Sources, Importance, FAQs
What is Biomolecule ? A biomolecule, sometimes known as a biological molecule, is a word that refers to molecules found …
Monosaccharides(Glucose)-Structures, Preparation, Fructose, FAQs
The branch of chemistry that deals with the molecules involved in living things is called biochemistry. Carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and …
Disaccharides(Sucrose, Maltose, Lactose) – Definition, Types, Examples, FAQs
A disaccharide is two monosaccharides united into one, as one might expect from the di- prefix, which means “two.” A …
Polysaccharides-Definition, Types, Features, Examples, FAQs
A biomolecule, sometimes known as a biological molecule, is a term that refers to molecules found in living things that are required …
Amino Acids-Definition, Structure, Properties, Classification, FAQs Class 12 Chemistry
A biomolecule, sometimes known as a biological molecule, is a term that refers to molecules found in living things that …
Protein Structure-Primary Structure, Secondary Structure, Tertiary Structure, Quaternary Structure, FAQs
A living system develops, maintains, and reproduces itself. The most amazing feature of the living system is that it is …
Enzymes – Definition, Structure, Classification, Examples, FAQs
Enzymes are biological molecules that act as catalysts, speeding up chemical responses in living organisms. They work by lowering the …
Vitamins:Classification, Sources, Vitamin Deficiency Diseases, Uses, FAQs
A living being or system is made up of different complex biomolecules like proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acid, lipids, etc. Carbohydrates …
Nucleic acids-Definition, Structure, Properties, Types(DNA, RNA), Nucleotides, FAQs
Any molecule created by a living organism is referred to as a biomolecule. Large macromolecules including proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and nucleic …
Biomolecules-NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry & Important Reactions
Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions Chapter Biomolecules – Important Questions Q 1. What are monosaccharides? Ans: Monosaccharides, known as simple sugars, …
Biomolecules-NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 12 Chemistry-Important Questions Answers
NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter Biomolecules I. Multiple Choice Questions (Type-I) 1. Glycogen is a branched-chain polymer …
Biomolecules MCQs with Answers Class 12 Chemistry
Class 12 chemistry MCQs with answers are provided here for chapter 14 Biomolecules. These MCQs are based on the CBSE …
Coordination Compounds-NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry & Important Questions Answers
Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions Chapter Coordination Compounds – Important Questions Q1. Explain the bonding in coordination compounds in terms …
Coordination Compounds-NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Chemistry Solutions & Important Questions Answers
NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 12 Chemistry Chapter Coordination Compounds I. Multiple Choice Questions (Type-I) 1. Which of the following complexes …
Coordination Compounds MCQs with Answers Class 12 Chemistry for CBSE Exam
Class 12 Coordination Compounds MCQs 1. A coordination complex’s core atom/ion is also known as ________ a) Bronsted-Lowry acid b) …
Coordination Compounds MCQs for NEET, JEE, CBSE Exams
The compounds in which the central atom or group of atoms is surrounded by anions or neutral molecules called ligands …
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes: Preparation, Properties, Reactions, FAQs
Haloalkanes and haloarenes are hydrocarbons that have had one or more hydrogen atoms replaced with halogen atoms. The major distinction …
Nomenclature of Haloalkanes (Alkyl Halides) & Haloarenes (Aryl Halides) and Nature of C-X bond, FAQs
The branch of chemistry deals with the study of carbon compounds. For example Methane, Ethane, Urea, DNA etc. It is …
Methods of Preparation of Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, Reactions, FAQs
Alkyl halide (haloalkane) and aryl halide (haloarene) are formed when hydrogen atoms in an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon are replaced …
Reactions of Haloarenes-Electrophilic Substitution, Nucleophilic Substitution, Reaction with metals
Are you aware that haloarenes can be produced by marine organisms? Haloarenes can be produced by marine organisms that can …
Physical Properties of Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, FAQs
Haloalkanes and haloarenes are organic compounds formed when hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms in aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons. …
Chemical Reactions of Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, FAQs
When a hydrogen atom in an aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbon is replaced with a halogen atom, haloalkanes and haloarenes are …
Polyhalogen Compounds-DichloromethaneCH2Cl2, Chloroform CHCl3, Iodoform CHI3, Carbon tetrachloride CCl4, Freons, Dichloro-Diphenyl Trichloroethane (D.D.T.)
Hydrocarbons having one or more hydrogen atoms substituted by halogen atoms are known as haloalkanes and haloarenes. Haloalkanes and haloarenes are distinguished …
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers-Classifiaction, FAQs
Alcohol, phenol, and ether compounds have a wide range of industrial and home uses. Alcohol is formed when the hydroxyl (-OH) group …
Nomenclature of Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers: Rules and Examples, FAQs
Alcohols Ethers and Phenols are the categories of organic compounds. These compounds are used extensively in a variety of household …
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Chemical Reactions, FAQs
What are Alcohols ? Alcohols are substances that have a hydroxyl group (-OH) linked to a saturated carbon atom. Alcohol …
Physical Properties of Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers, FAQs
Alcohols, phenols, and ethers are organic compounds that are widely used in industries. Alcohols are formed by at least one …
Preparation of Phenols-From haloarenes, benzene sulphonic acid, diazonium salts, cumene, FAQs
Alcohols and phenols are formed when a hydrogen atom in an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon is replaced by a –OH …
Ethers-Preparation, Classification, Structure, Williamson Synthesis, FAQs
Alcohols, Phenol, and Ethers have several applications in business and everyday life. Alcohols and phenols are hydroxyl organic substances. The …
Some Commercially Important Alcohols, Industrial Alcohols, Uses, Harmfull Effects of Alcohols, FAQs
Alcohols are chemical compounds that include one or more hydroxyl groups (–OH) linked to an aliphatic carbon atom. ROH is …
